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Monkeypox: Challenging Clinical Questions Christine Laine, MD, MPH ,    Darilyn V. Moyer, MD ,  and   Deborah Cotton, MD, MPH Author, Article, and Disclosure Information https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/M22-3040 In May 2022, monkeypox emerged in nonendemic regions of a world weary from years of dealing with COVID-19. The first U.S. case was reported on 17 May 2022, and on 4 August 2022 the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) declared monkeypox a public health emergency. As of 30 September 2022, CDC was tracking 71 408 cases in more than 100 countries ( 1 ). Thankfully, as we approach mid-October 2022, the monkeypox outbreak seems to be ebbing. Among the 12 countries with the highest cumulative cases reported, the United States, Canada, and European countries are experiencing clear declines in incidence. However, the virus remains a concern. As of 11 October 2022, there were 26 778 cases and 2 monkeypox-related deaths in the United S...

The new corona virus called covid-19 is a new type of corona virus which has brought the world economy to a halt. Some persons attribute it to the almighty God using it to tell the world that he can destroy the world at any time, some sees it as a political adventure, some sees it as an opportunity to get wealth, some sees it as an avenue to go deep into research, some sees it as a manipulation on purpose while others sees it as a call to return to the creator.  What actually is corona virus ( covid-19): corona virus ( ovide19 ) is called Norvel virus. This novel virus has the ability to be transferred from animal to person. The original host is bate. Covid-19 can be defined as an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 [SARS-COV-2]. This disease was first identified or known on 31 December 2019 in Wuhan China resulting to coronavirus Pandemic. The symptoms include Cough, fever, inability to breath very well,muscle pain, diarrhea, sore throat...

AFRICA: 30 316 cases  South Africa (4 361)  Egypt (4 319) Morocco (3 897)  Algeria (3 256)  Cameroon (1 518). Asia : 456 350 cases: Turkey (107 773)  Iran (89 328) China (83 909)  India (26 496)   Saudi Arabia (16 299). America : 1 134 686 cases: United States (939 053) Brazil (58 509) Canada (45 341) Peru (25 331)   Mexico (13 842). Europe : 1 214 584 cases:  Spain (219 764) Italy (195 351) Germany (154 175) United Kingdom (148 377)  France (124 114). Oceania : 8 080 cases:  Australia (6 703)  New Zealand (1 121) Guam (141) French Polynesia (57)   Fiji (18). OTHER COUNTRY LIKE Japan has reported  696 cases  Death Cases are: Africa:  1 382 deaths: Algeria (419)  Egypt (3...

Nigeria (Yellow Fever Outbreak) 9 January 2019 The current outbreak of YF in Edo State in Nigeria is unusual in scale and severity, and the number of cases in time and place is very high in the context of the current national outbreak. The seasonal timing of the outbreak, in a period where many travellers enter the state from other states and countries for the holidays in December–January, adds to the risk for potential spread.  On 22 November 2018, the World Health Organization was informed of a cluster of suspected Yellow fever (YF) cases and deaths in Edo State, Nigeria. Edo State is located less than 400km from Lagos on a dense population movement axis between Lagos and South-Eastern Nigeria. Edo State is also a known endemic area for Lassa fever – which was initially suspected as causing the outbreak. From 22 September through 31 December 2018, a total of 146 suspected, 42 presumptive positive, and 32 confirmed cases, including 26 deaths (presumptive case fatality rat...

DR Congo Ebola virus out break  update  (20 June 2019) From 17th June 2019 till today there has been a gradual decrease in the number of new Ebola virus disease cases from the major affected areas of Katwa and Butembo compared to weeks passed. However, these encouraging signs are offset by a marked increase in case incidence in Mabalako Health Zone, and especially in Aloya Health Area. The spread of Ebola virus disease to new geographic areas remains minimal, in the health zones of Bunia, Lubero, Komanda and Rwampara, The new re-occurring events illustrate the high risks in previously affected areas. Along with the rise in cases in Mabalako, there was also an accompanying increase in healthcare worker  and nosocomial infections.  17/05 2019  Transmission of Ebola virus disease continues to increase in North Kivu and Ituri provinces with more than 100 new cases reported this week due to security situation has reduced mildly into an unpredictabl...

ZIMBABWE BATTLE READY.   Zimbabwe has launched a vaccine to battle the cholera outbreak. A cholera vaccination campaign was launched in Zimbabwe last week, targeting 1.4 million people in the nation’s capital of Harare and in rural areas in an effort to reverse an outbreak that has so far claimed almost 50 lives. Vaccines were taken from the global stockpile and operational costs have been funded by Gavi the Vaccine Alliance for the campaign, which focuses on the four high-density Harare suburbs most affected by the outbreak, including the epicenters of Glenview and Budiriro. The vaccination drive will continue through Tuesday at fixed and mobile health facilities, schools and shopping centers. More than 600 health workers have been trained to carry out the campaign under the leadership of the Zimbabwe Ministry of Health and Child Care. To ensure long-term immunity to the disease, “a second phase of the campaign should follow in the next six months targeting a popula...

The French National Reference Centre for arboviruses (Institut Pasteur de la Guyane) reported an autochthonous (locally acquired) laboratory confirmed case of yellow fever in an unvaccinated 47-year-old Swiss man in French Guiana.  Since April 2018, the patient has lived in a forest area in the commune of Roura in French Guiana.    On 4 August 2018, he developed flu-like symptoms, and on 8 August 2018 he was hospitalized in Cayenne, French Guiana, with fulminant hepatitis. On 9 August 2018, he was transferred to Paris, France where he received a liver transplant.  On 14 August 2018, the World Health Organization (WHO) received information from the WHO Regional Office for Europe about a confirmed yellow fever case in French Guiana.  Epidemiological and entomological investigations have been conducted and no additional cases have been identified in the area of the patient’s accommodation. During contract tracing it was revealed that contacts of the case-patient ...